Monday, September 13, 2010
North Bengal will be benefitted
Today the Indian Railway Minister Mamta Banerjee visited Siliguri and annouced many new projects for North Bengal. North Bengal will get many benefits from Railways.
Friday, September 10, 2010
Over weight – the causes and the cure
Over weight – the causes and the cure
Over Weight is now a main issue of great concern in our day to day life. Whether child or adult or a retired person or old, every body now is concerned. It is of our concern in aged person as it is directly related to Diebetes, Hypertension(High BP), heart attack, Chest pain, Stroke and paralysis, Kidney Failure, clogging and blockage of Arteries, changes in vision, sedantry habits, addictions, beside arthritis, pain over heels and knee joint.
Another reason for this writing is the fact that notwithstanding the “magical guaranteed weight loss” as advertised as we regularly see in print or electronic media, internet or so called practitioners of different types like yoga, acupressure, reiki, physical educator, gyms and physical training centres, Exercise centres and instrument sellers and companies of different type of weight reducing machines and devices and ayurvedic, homeo and ingenious and allopathic centres are claiming and attracting every set of people and now senior Doctors are running a camp of Obesity reducing surgeries through laproscopy (Mini Hole surgeries )with a surest guarantee of melting down few KGS in few days. But is it so easy or so safe without any side effects ? There are no and I mean NO SHORT CUTS.
Why does one gain weight? This is a question the answer to which, each and everyone wants to know, because if we know the answer to this, very easily we can avoid the causes thereby avoiding weight gain.
But to take a common analogy that I give to patients’ weight gain is like a bank balance, there are only two ways to increase your bank balance (weight) either you earn more (increased intake) or spend less (decreased output).
But sadly I’m sure all of us agree it’s easier to gain weight (except for the lucky few who have genetics on their side), than increase your bank balance.
INCREASED INTAKE / WRONG INTAKE / IMPROPER INTAKE
As you can see from the heading, it is not only increased intake, but also the intake of wrong kinds of food and improper intake, which also contributes to weight gain.
1.Overeating: Though most of us tend not to agree to it, it is often the most common cause for weight gain. Every time you have that extra spoonful, it adds up in the long run.
2. Fast food: Fast food is fast to make and convenient to eat can be eaten on the move but more often than not is full of fats/cheese & salt.
Anyone who has read science in school knows that fat has more calories (9Kcals/gm) as compared to protein (4Kcals/gm) or carbohydrates (4Kcals/gm). So, the more fats you eat the more calories you are putting in. Carbohydrates are easy to absorb and after your basic energy requirements are met, are converted to fat for storage.
Chips – a favourite amongst most is another common cause. An old saying for them, which holds very true, is “A minute on your lips & a lifetime on your hips”, hence avoid them. Increased salt intake causes more water retention in the body and hence is also an important factor for weight gain.
3.Improper timing: The time of a meal also is an important factor. Food should be eaten at least 2 hours before one goes to bed to allow digestion to occur properly.
4.Alcohol: Alcohol has often been blamed for gaining weight but the
gain in weight is more related to the increased snacking, which goes along with consumption of alcohol.
5.Fizzy Drinks: These are aerated drinks with empty calories, which are of no use and add up to the over all “Bank Balance of Calories”. Instead, substitute it with fresh fruits or fresh lime, which is much healthier but of course try and avoid excess salt or sugar in them.
DECREASED OUTPUT :
This is now turning out to be an important part of the whole weight gain process, especially so in youngsters and children.
1.Sedentary lifestyles: Now with the comfort levels increasing, activity has reduced. We use the lifts instead of stairs, vacuum cleaners instead of brooms, cars instead of walking, etc. The amount of calories burnt per day is decreasing with more mental activity than physical.
Some amount of physical activity is needed daily. One can incorporate small things into the daily schedule to increase the output like taking the stairs instead of the lift, walking to the nearby store instead of driving, morning or evening walks, etc which do not take up too much of your time but help in spending those calories.
2. Children especially should have some regular physical activity in their daily schedule or we are going to be waking up to a generation of overweight youngsters. Real games instead of Video Games, fruits instead of chips or pizza & fruit juices instead of a fizzy drink should be the mantra for the kids.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS FOR WEIGHT GAIN:
There are a few medical conditions that can be a cause for weight gain. These are usually hormonal imbalances.
WEIGHT GAIN & DIETING
A lot has been written and said about dieting and weight loss. Every other person is an expert in some sort of a diet. But a recent study has brought the proper perspective, as I have been saying for quite some time, it is not what kind of a diet you follow but the total intake versus the total output.
Crash Dieting is a not a way to loose weight at all. You might loose weight initially but you are loosing muscle bulk and replacing it with fat. So, what one needs is a proper balanced diet according to the work, he or she does, which has all the necessary nutrients.
Over Weight is now a main issue of great concern in our day to day life. Whether child or adult or a retired person or old, every body now is concerned. It is of our concern in aged person as it is directly related to Diebetes, Hypertension(High BP), heart attack, Chest pain, Stroke and paralysis, Kidney Failure, clogging and blockage of Arteries, changes in vision, sedantry habits, addictions, beside arthritis, pain over heels and knee joint.
Another reason for this writing is the fact that notwithstanding the “magical guaranteed weight loss” as advertised as we regularly see in print or electronic media, internet or so called practitioners of different types like yoga, acupressure, reiki, physical educator, gyms and physical training centres, Exercise centres and instrument sellers and companies of different type of weight reducing machines and devices and ayurvedic, homeo and ingenious and allopathic centres are claiming and attracting every set of people and now senior Doctors are running a camp of Obesity reducing surgeries through laproscopy (Mini Hole surgeries )with a surest guarantee of melting down few KGS in few days. But is it so easy or so safe without any side effects ? There are no and I mean NO SHORT CUTS.
Why does one gain weight? This is a question the answer to which, each and everyone wants to know, because if we know the answer to this, very easily we can avoid the causes thereby avoiding weight gain.
But to take a common analogy that I give to patients’ weight gain is like a bank balance, there are only two ways to increase your bank balance (weight) either you earn more (increased intake) or spend less (decreased output).
But sadly I’m sure all of us agree it’s easier to gain weight (except for the lucky few who have genetics on their side), than increase your bank balance.
INCREASED INTAKE / WRONG INTAKE / IMPROPER INTAKE
As you can see from the heading, it is not only increased intake, but also the intake of wrong kinds of food and improper intake, which also contributes to weight gain.
1.Overeating: Though most of us tend not to agree to it, it is often the most common cause for weight gain. Every time you have that extra spoonful, it adds up in the long run.
2. Fast food: Fast food is fast to make and convenient to eat can be eaten on the move but more often than not is full of fats/cheese & salt.
Anyone who has read science in school knows that fat has more calories (9Kcals/gm) as compared to protein (4Kcals/gm) or carbohydrates (4Kcals/gm). So, the more fats you eat the more calories you are putting in. Carbohydrates are easy to absorb and after your basic energy requirements are met, are converted to fat for storage.
Chips – a favourite amongst most is another common cause. An old saying for them, which holds very true, is “A minute on your lips & a lifetime on your hips”, hence avoid them. Increased salt intake causes more water retention in the body and hence is also an important factor for weight gain.
3.Improper timing: The time of a meal also is an important factor. Food should be eaten at least 2 hours before one goes to bed to allow digestion to occur properly.
4.Alcohol: Alcohol has often been blamed for gaining weight but the
gain in weight is more related to the increased snacking, which goes along with consumption of alcohol.
5.Fizzy Drinks: These are aerated drinks with empty calories, which are of no use and add up to the over all “Bank Balance of Calories”. Instead, substitute it with fresh fruits or fresh lime, which is much healthier but of course try and avoid excess salt or sugar in them.
DECREASED OUTPUT :
This is now turning out to be an important part of the whole weight gain process, especially so in youngsters and children.
1.Sedentary lifestyles: Now with the comfort levels increasing, activity has reduced. We use the lifts instead of stairs, vacuum cleaners instead of brooms, cars instead of walking, etc. The amount of calories burnt per day is decreasing with more mental activity than physical.
Some amount of physical activity is needed daily. One can incorporate small things into the daily schedule to increase the output like taking the stairs instead of the lift, walking to the nearby store instead of driving, morning or evening walks, etc which do not take up too much of your time but help in spending those calories.
2. Children especially should have some regular physical activity in their daily schedule or we are going to be waking up to a generation of overweight youngsters. Real games instead of Video Games, fruits instead of chips or pizza & fruit juices instead of a fizzy drink should be the mantra for the kids.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS FOR WEIGHT GAIN:
There are a few medical conditions that can be a cause for weight gain. These are usually hormonal imbalances.
WEIGHT GAIN & DIETING
A lot has been written and said about dieting and weight loss. Every other person is an expert in some sort of a diet. But a recent study has brought the proper perspective, as I have been saying for quite some time, it is not what kind of a diet you follow but the total intake versus the total output.
Crash Dieting is a not a way to loose weight at all. You might loose weight initially but you are loosing muscle bulk and replacing it with fat. So, what one needs is a proper balanced diet according to the work, he or she does, which has all the necessary nutrients.
Saturday, September 04, 2010
I want to inform the people of Siliguri that Dr D.K.Nakipuria is a good laprocopic surgeon & endoscopist doctor. He is a hard worker and always interested in learning something in the field of Medicine. He reads a lot of books, visits internet for web information, meet people and study their problems.
Dr Ranju Nakipuria, Wife of DKN, is a female decease specialists and senior doctor.
Both the husband and wife team work very hard and solve the patients' problem.
Dr DK Nakipuria's mobile no. 94341 43550
Dr Ranju Nakipuria, Wife of DKN, is a female decease specialists and senior doctor.
Both the husband and wife team work very hard and solve the patients' problem.
Dr DK Nakipuria's mobile no. 94341 43550
Wednesday, September 01, 2010
Kidney transplant in safe and experianced hands
Columbia Asia Referral Hospital, Yeshwanthpur, houses the Karnataka Nephrology and Transplant Institute (KANTI) -a premier institution in India for renal disorders and dialysis. It has a team of highly qualified doctors who have performed over 1700 renal transplants with success rates comparable to the best in the world. It attracts patients from across India and abroad.
WHAT IS RENAL TRANSPLANT?
Renal or kidney transplant involves placing a healthy kidney from a donor to take over the function of the two failed/dysfunctional kidneys. "The surgeon places the new kidney inside your lower abdomen and connects the artery and vein of the new kidney to your artery and vein. Your blood flows through the donated kidney, which makes urine, just like your own kidneys did when they were healthy," says Dr Sankaran Sundar, Chief Nephrologist, KANTI, Columbia Asia, Yeswanthpur. "The new kidney may start working rightaway or may take up to a few weeks to make urine. Unless your own kidneys are causing infection or high blood pressure, they are left in place and are not removed."
WHO CAN DONATE A KIDNEY?
Any healthy person between age 20 and 65 can donate. "The blood group should be compatible (0 group can donate to any patient and AB can accept from any
donor). Rh has no role," says Dr Ajit K Huilgol, Chief Transplant Surgeon, KANTI, Columbia Asia, Yeswanthpur. As per the Indian laws governing trans-
plantation, all donors have to appear before a government-appointed Authori- sation Committee to get a clearance to donate a kidney. A patient can also get a kidney from a 'brain-dead, heart-beating' cadaver. This procedure is known as cadaver transplant. "You may register for a cadaver transplant, if you have no related donor," says Dr Huilgol. "But remember, a cadaver kidney may take several years to procure." Organ sales are banned in India.
WHAT ARE THE PRE- TRANSPLANT PROCEDURES?
After checking for blood group compatibility, a lymphocyte cross match test is done. A negative test result is required. This signifies that the antibodies in the patient's blood will not attack the donor's kidney. Prior to transplant, a complete check-up is done on the donor to ensure that he/ she is perfectly healthy at the time of donation, and that he/she will continue to be healthy after donation.
WHAT ARE THE POST- TRANSPLANT PRECAUTIONS?
Following the surgery, the patient is taken to a specialised, isolated post- transplant unit where one-to-one nursing is provided to minimise the risk of cross-infection. The patient is closely monitored to ensure that the new organ is accepted by the body and optimum immunosuppressant medication is administered. "The advent of immuno- suppressants like Cyclosporine and Ta- crolimus have helped to push the success rates up and minimise chances of rejection of the donor kidney," says Dr Huilgol. Most patients are discharged on the fifth day. They are advised to follow hygienic habits strictly to prevent any infection risk. Most patients can get back to work between 4-12 weeks. They can resume sex life in about 2 to 3 months post transplant. Patients have to
visit for follow-up check ups and be on medication for life.
WHAT MAKES THE RENAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT
IN COLUMBIA ASIA REFERRAL HOSPITAL SPECIAL:
• The team has performed over 1700 renal transplants-including multiple artery transplants and double ureter transplants- more than any other centre in India.
• It boasts 92% one year survival rate and 80% five year survival rate-comparable to some of the best centres in the world.
• It was the first in India to use the latest international formulation of Cyclosporine- NEORAL-the prime life-saving drug after transplants.
• The centre has the distinction of having the world's oldest donor (85 years) and a 75 year old recipient who's still leading a healthy life. ,
• It conducted the State's first double kidney cadaver transplant. The expertise of the team has been used to set up transplant centres in Jalandhar, Punjab and Dhaka, Bangladesh.
• It has been invited to help set up transplant and dialysis centres in Lagos, Myanmar and Fiji.
WHAT MAKES THE RENAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT IN COLAMBIA ASIA REFERRAL HOSPITAL SUCCESSFUL
The vast experience of the team: The excellence is born over 30 years’ hands-on experience. “Even a notice may conduct a transplant, but experience especially matters in complicated case,” says Dr. Sundar.
The infrastructure of this centre: The team is supported by excellent diagnostic facilities, state-of-the-art equipment and expertise of para medical staff.
Smooth management: “The efficient legal support team and experienced transplant coordinators ensure as hassle-free a transplant as possible,” says Dr. Sundar.
Contact details:
Columbia Asia Referral Hospital, Yeshwanthpur, Bengaluru
Phone 080 39898969 website : www.columbiaasia.com
Columbia Asia Referral Hospital, Yeshwanthpur, houses the Karnataka Nephrology and Transplant Institute (KANTI) -a premier institution in India for renal disorders and dialysis. It has a team of highly qualified doctors who have performed over 1700 renal transplants with success rates comparable to the best in the world. It attracts patients from across India and abroad.
WHAT IS RENAL TRANSPLANT?
Renal or kidney transplant involves placing a healthy kidney from a donor to take over the function of the two failed/dysfunctional kidneys. "The surgeon places the new kidney inside your lower abdomen and connects the artery and vein of the new kidney to your artery and vein. Your blood flows through the donated kidney, which makes urine, just like your own kidneys did when they were healthy," says Dr Sankaran Sundar, Chief Nephrologist, KANTI, Columbia Asia, Yeswanthpur. "The new kidney may start working rightaway or may take up to a few weeks to make urine. Unless your own kidneys are causing infection or high blood pressure, they are left in place and are not removed."
WHO CAN DONATE A KIDNEY?
Any healthy person between age 20 and 65 can donate. "The blood group should be compatible (0 group can donate to any patient and AB can accept from any
donor). Rh has no role," says Dr Ajit K Huilgol, Chief Transplant Surgeon, KANTI, Columbia Asia, Yeswanthpur. As per the Indian laws governing trans-
plantation, all donors have to appear before a government-appointed Authori- sation Committee to get a clearance to donate a kidney. A patient can also get a kidney from a 'brain-dead, heart-beating' cadaver. This procedure is known as cadaver transplant. "You may register for a cadaver transplant, if you have no related donor," says Dr Huilgol. "But remember, a cadaver kidney may take several years to procure." Organ sales are banned in India.
WHAT ARE THE PRE- TRANSPLANT PROCEDURES?
After checking for blood group compatibility, a lymphocyte cross match test is done. A negative test result is required. This signifies that the antibodies in the patient's blood will not attack the donor's kidney. Prior to transplant, a complete check-up is done on the donor to ensure that he/ she is perfectly healthy at the time of donation, and that he/she will continue to be healthy after donation.
WHAT ARE THE POST- TRANSPLANT PRECAUTIONS?
Following the surgery, the patient is taken to a specialised, isolated post- transplant unit where one-to-one nursing is provided to minimise the risk of cross-infection. The patient is closely monitored to ensure that the new organ is accepted by the body and optimum immunosuppressant medication is administered. "The advent of immuno- suppressants like Cyclosporine and Ta- crolimus have helped to push the success rates up and minimise chances of rejection of the donor kidney," says Dr Huilgol. Most patients are discharged on the fifth day. They are advised to follow hygienic habits strictly to prevent any infection risk. Most patients can get back to work between 4-12 weeks. They can resume sex life in about 2 to 3 months post transplant. Patients have to
visit for follow-up check ups and be on medication for life.
WHAT MAKES THE RENAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT
IN COLUMBIA ASIA REFERRAL HOSPITAL SPECIAL:
• The team has performed over 1700 renal transplants-including multiple artery transplants and double ureter transplants- more than any other centre in India.
• It boasts 92% one year survival rate and 80% five year survival rate-comparable to some of the best centres in the world.
• It was the first in India to use the latest international formulation of Cyclosporine- NEORAL-the prime life-saving drug after transplants.
• The centre has the distinction of having the world's oldest donor (85 years) and a 75 year old recipient who's still leading a healthy life. ,
• It conducted the State's first double kidney cadaver transplant. The expertise of the team has been used to set up transplant centres in Jalandhar, Punjab and Dhaka, Bangladesh.
• It has been invited to help set up transplant and dialysis centres in Lagos, Myanmar and Fiji.
WHAT MAKES THE RENAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT IN COLAMBIA ASIA REFERRAL HOSPITAL SUCCESSFUL
The vast experience of the team: The excellence is born over 30 years’ hands-on experience. “Even a notice may conduct a transplant, but experience especially matters in complicated case,” says Dr. Sundar.
The infrastructure of this centre: The team is supported by excellent diagnostic facilities, state-of-the-art equipment and expertise of para medical staff.
Smooth management: “The efficient legal support team and experienced transplant coordinators ensure as hassle-free a transplant as possible,” says Dr. Sundar.
Contact details:
Columbia Asia Referral Hospital, Yeshwanthpur, Bengaluru
Phone 080 39898969 website : www.columbiaasia.com
Monday, August 30, 2010
When Your body Screams No!
When your immune system turn on itself, there is a war within the body. Stay safe and on the top of auto-immune disorders with this valuable users guide.
What if a police officer attacks you instead of protecting you? Or if, instead of getting the bad guys, he decides to put you behind bars?
This is exactly what happens when your body's immune system mistakenly turns on your own healthy organs and attacks them, resulting in autoimmune disorders. When the attack is on a single organ system such diseases are called 'organ-specific' autoimmune diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes), whereas when the attack is more widespread and affects many organs the diseases are termed as 'systemic' autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis). Your immune system may also react to a foreign substance that it normally would ignore (akin to a cop arresting an infant) resulting in an immune reaction commonly termed as an 'allergy'. Here are some major autoimmune disorders and how to cope with them.
LUPUS
Diagnosing this disorder can be complicated as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) symptoms tend to vary from patient to patient, are unpredictable, and follow an up and down course.
THE DISORDER
Lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease wherein your body's immune system attacks various organs including the joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart and lungs, making it a potentially life-threatening illness. "While lupus is quite rare (affects 1 in 40,000 people), it is a dramatic disease," says Dr AN Malaviya, consultant rheumatologist, A&R Clinic and visiting senior consultant rheumatologist, Indian Spine Injuries Centre, New Delhi.
WHO’S AT RISK
“Lupus affects young women between 13 and 40 years," says Dr BG Dharmanand, HOD, rheumatology at Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru. "Environmental factors, family history, exposure to oestrogen and smoking, and viral infections are other common risk factors.”
THE SYMPTOMS
These include arthritis, kidney problems, low platelet and WBC counts, psychosis (manic episodes), rashes on face, especially after-sun exposure, mouth sores, and swelling of the lung and heart lining.
RULE IT OUT
This is difficult to diagnose. Doctors will order blood tests to measure your blood cell count, ESR, kidney and liver functions, and the presence of anti-nuclear antibodies (indicative of an autoimmune disease) as well as urine tests to detect increased protein or red blood cells. A false-positive syphilis test may also be indicative of lupus.
HOW TO GET WELL
“About 10 to 15 years ago, the 5-year mortality rates were 80% . But with improved treatment options, 90% of patients survive for 20 years," says Dharmanand. Treatment includes immunosuppresants and immunomodulating agents like steroids. "There are many side effects of steroid use, so it is a matter of balancing the side effects of the drug and the disease symptoms,” adds Dharmanand.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Although joint pain and inflammation are the most visible symptoms, this disorder affects every organ in the body; treating it early and aggressively is the best way to tackle the disease.
THE DISORDER
"The name is a misnomer," says Malaviya. Although classified as an autoimmune musculo-skeletal disorder with most visible symptoms like joint pain/inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects every organ in the body. 'We have outstanding medication to treat RA nowadays," says Malaviya, who pioneered the field of
rheumatology in India in 1968 and is credited with discovering the novel applicability of low-dose methotrexate (LDMTX). It is the 'central anchor drug' for the treatment of RA.
WHO’S AT RISK
Although the cause is unknown, RA is more common in women. Among the confirmed risk factors are gum disease (periodonitis) and smoking.
THE SYMPTOMS
Early diagnosis is very crucial, “says Dharmanand. "Symptoms to watch out for include: joint pain and swelling, long-lasting early morning stiffness, fever, weight loss and fatigue.”
RULE IT OUT
Diagnosis is arrived at after clinical examination of the patients and blood tests to detect
presence of rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti- CCP) antibodies. A negative result for rheumatoid factor is not indicative of lack of the disease as this factor is detectable in only 75 to 80% patients.
HOW TO GET WELL
There has been a “quiet revolution" in treating RA, states Malaviya. Besides LDMTX, other drugs prescribed may include non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), steroids, disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS), and immunosuppresants.
EXPART SPEAK
“An exciting new discovery is that smoking is a trigger for autoimmune genes to become active” - Dr AN Malaviya
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
This condition is characterised by relapses (when new symptoms appear) and remissions (when symptoms improve on their own).
THE DISORDER
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which your body's immune system destroys the protective covering on your nerves. This interferes with the communication between your brain and the rest of your body. This ultimately causes irreversible damage to the nerves themselves, which interferes with the functions that are controlled by the nervous system vision, speech, walking etc.
WHO’S AT RISK
“Women are 1.5 to 2 times more likely to get the disease," says Dr BS Singhal, professor and head, Department of Neurology, Bombay Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences, "and it manifests itself in younger people between 20 and 30 years of age.” Adds
Dr Apoorva Pauranik, professor of neurology, MGM Medical College, Indore, "Asian people are less at risk; it typically affects North Europeans." Genetics, infections, and the presence of other autoimmune conditions are also risk factors.
THE SYMPTOMS
These include loss of vision in one eye, weakness/paralysis of legs, arms, head and neck muscles weakness, tremors, fatigue, and difficulty in swallowing or speaking.
RULE IT OUT
The availability of the MRI has revolutionised diagnosis and treatment. "You can spot lesions in the brain very early in the disease," says Singhal. Other tests include electrical tests that document the velocity of impulses from various parts of the body to the brain and a spinal tap.
HOW TO GET WELL
In many cases, minor symptoms resolve themselves without any treatment. Treatments to control symptoms include immuno-modulating drugs like interferon and glatiramer which slow down the appearance of symptoms and steroids and mitoxantrone to suppress the immune system. However, interferons are very expensive (Rs 25,000 to 30,000 a month) and therefore not accessible to many. Currently, many drugs are in trial and the outlook is optimistic.
TYPE 1 DIABETES
Although most common in children, this form of diabetes (also known as juvenile onset diabetes) is not easily recognised.
THE DISORDER
Type 1 diabetes is a condition where your pancreas produces very little or no insulin, the hormone needed to process sugar to produce energy.
WHO’S AT RISK
Risk factors include family history, genetics, geographical location, exposure to certain viruses, as well as dietary factors like low Vitamin D levels. This disorder is commonly seen in young children (peak age of onset is 12 or 13 years) and in women.
THE SYMPTOMS
“Onset is more dramatic, and if not diagnosed, this condition can potentially be fatal,” says Dr Sanjay Reddy, medical director and consultant, Bangalore Diabetes Centre. "In a lot of cases, the diagnosis is made when the child presents acute complications." Stay vigilant for symptoms like weight loss, excessive urination, hunger, blurred vision, fatigue, etc.
RULE IT OUT
Diagnosis is primarily done based on patient history and age. Abnormal blood sugar levels show up in a random blood sugar test and a glycated haemoglobin (A1C) test. Specific blood tests to confirm diagnosis include checking for the presence of GAD antibody, islet cell antibody, and insulin auto-antibodies.
HOW TO GET WELL
Life-long treatment with insulin is the only option available currently. Patients are also advised to eat right, exercise, and diligently monitor their blood glucose levels.
THYROIDITIS
This autoimmune disorder is characterised by chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland leading to either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
THE DISORDER
Thyroiditis is a condition wherein the immune cells attack the thyroid gland causing inflammation. This chronic inflammation leads to thyroid cell damage. Depending on the rapidity of the damage, a patient can develop hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
WHO’S AT RISK
Various factors including heredity, gender (women are more susceptible), age (middleaged women), and viral infections playa role. "There is a 50% concurrence in
identical twins indicating that the trigger is 50% genetic and 50% environmental," states Dharmanand.
THE SYMPTOMS
Generalised symptoms may include fever, weight loss, puffiness and joint pain. Typical hypothyroidism symptoms include constipation, weight gain, lethargy and dry skin. Typical hyperthyroidism symptoms include cardiac problems, weight loss, diarrhoea and tremors.
RULE IT OUT
Thyroid function tests and blood tests are normally done.
HOW TO GET WELL
Hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic thyroid hormones. Treatment for hyperthyroidism includes drugs to reduce the effect of excessive thyroid hormones. For example, beta blockers may be prescribed to reduce the impact on the heart. Surgery or radiotherapy to destroy the thyroid gland is also an option.
What are allergies?
Allergies are another form of immune system error which occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance (allergen) such as pollen, dust, food, or any other allergen that it would otherwise typically ignore. The resulting symptoms can range from minor irritation to a potentially life-threateninq emergency.
Common allergens
• Dust, pollen, mould
• Penicllin-based antibiotics
• Insect bites (bees, wasps)
• Eggs, nuts, dairy products, wheat
RULE IT OUT
• Skin test
• Blood tests
HOW TO GET WELL
Avoid the allergen
Take steroids, antihistamines, decongestants to relieve symptoms
Purified allergen shots
Epinephrine shots in emergencies
When your immune system turn on itself, there is a war within the body. Stay safe and on the top of auto-immune disorders with this valuable users guide.
What if a police officer attacks you instead of protecting you? Or if, instead of getting the bad guys, he decides to put you behind bars?
This is exactly what happens when your body's immune system mistakenly turns on your own healthy organs and attacks them, resulting in autoimmune disorders. When the attack is on a single organ system such diseases are called 'organ-specific' autoimmune diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes), whereas when the attack is more widespread and affects many organs the diseases are termed as 'systemic' autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis). Your immune system may also react to a foreign substance that it normally would ignore (akin to a cop arresting an infant) resulting in an immune reaction commonly termed as an 'allergy'. Here are some major autoimmune disorders and how to cope with them.
LUPUS
Diagnosing this disorder can be complicated as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) symptoms tend to vary from patient to patient, are unpredictable, and follow an up and down course.
THE DISORDER
Lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease wherein your body's immune system attacks various organs including the joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart and lungs, making it a potentially life-threatening illness. "While lupus is quite rare (affects 1 in 40,000 people), it is a dramatic disease," says Dr AN Malaviya, consultant rheumatologist, A&R Clinic and visiting senior consultant rheumatologist, Indian Spine Injuries Centre, New Delhi.
WHO’S AT RISK
“Lupus affects young women between 13 and 40 years," says Dr BG Dharmanand, HOD, rheumatology at Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru. "Environmental factors, family history, exposure to oestrogen and smoking, and viral infections are other common risk factors.”
THE SYMPTOMS
These include arthritis, kidney problems, low platelet and WBC counts, psychosis (manic episodes), rashes on face, especially after-sun exposure, mouth sores, and swelling of the lung and heart lining.
RULE IT OUT
This is difficult to diagnose. Doctors will order blood tests to measure your blood cell count, ESR, kidney and liver functions, and the presence of anti-nuclear antibodies (indicative of an autoimmune disease) as well as urine tests to detect increased protein or red blood cells. A false-positive syphilis test may also be indicative of lupus.
HOW TO GET WELL
“About 10 to 15 years ago, the 5-year mortality rates were 80% . But with improved treatment options, 90% of patients survive for 20 years," says Dharmanand. Treatment includes immunosuppresants and immunomodulating agents like steroids. "There are many side effects of steroid use, so it is a matter of balancing the side effects of the drug and the disease symptoms,” adds Dharmanand.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Although joint pain and inflammation are the most visible symptoms, this disorder affects every organ in the body; treating it early and aggressively is the best way to tackle the disease.
THE DISORDER
"The name is a misnomer," says Malaviya. Although classified as an autoimmune musculo-skeletal disorder with most visible symptoms like joint pain/inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects every organ in the body. 'We have outstanding medication to treat RA nowadays," says Malaviya, who pioneered the field of
rheumatology in India in 1968 and is credited with discovering the novel applicability of low-dose methotrexate (LDMTX). It is the 'central anchor drug' for the treatment of RA.
WHO’S AT RISK
Although the cause is unknown, RA is more common in women. Among the confirmed risk factors are gum disease (periodonitis) and smoking.
THE SYMPTOMS
Early diagnosis is very crucial, “says Dharmanand. "Symptoms to watch out for include: joint pain and swelling, long-lasting early morning stiffness, fever, weight loss and fatigue.”
RULE IT OUT
Diagnosis is arrived at after clinical examination of the patients and blood tests to detect
presence of rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti- CCP) antibodies. A negative result for rheumatoid factor is not indicative of lack of the disease as this factor is detectable in only 75 to 80% patients.
HOW TO GET WELL
There has been a “quiet revolution" in treating RA, states Malaviya. Besides LDMTX, other drugs prescribed may include non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), steroids, disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS), and immunosuppresants.
EXPART SPEAK
“An exciting new discovery is that smoking is a trigger for autoimmune genes to become active” - Dr AN Malaviya
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
This condition is characterised by relapses (when new symptoms appear) and remissions (when symptoms improve on their own).
THE DISORDER
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which your body's immune system destroys the protective covering on your nerves. This interferes with the communication between your brain and the rest of your body. This ultimately causes irreversible damage to the nerves themselves, which interferes with the functions that are controlled by the nervous system vision, speech, walking etc.
WHO’S AT RISK
“Women are 1.5 to 2 times more likely to get the disease," says Dr BS Singhal, professor and head, Department of Neurology, Bombay Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences, "and it manifests itself in younger people between 20 and 30 years of age.” Adds
Dr Apoorva Pauranik, professor of neurology, MGM Medical College, Indore, "Asian people are less at risk; it typically affects North Europeans." Genetics, infections, and the presence of other autoimmune conditions are also risk factors.
THE SYMPTOMS
These include loss of vision in one eye, weakness/paralysis of legs, arms, head and neck muscles weakness, tremors, fatigue, and difficulty in swallowing or speaking.
RULE IT OUT
The availability of the MRI has revolutionised diagnosis and treatment. "You can spot lesions in the brain very early in the disease," says Singhal. Other tests include electrical tests that document the velocity of impulses from various parts of the body to the brain and a spinal tap.
HOW TO GET WELL
In many cases, minor symptoms resolve themselves without any treatment. Treatments to control symptoms include immuno-modulating drugs like interferon and glatiramer which slow down the appearance of symptoms and steroids and mitoxantrone to suppress the immune system. However, interferons are very expensive (Rs 25,000 to 30,000 a month) and therefore not accessible to many. Currently, many drugs are in trial and the outlook is optimistic.
TYPE 1 DIABETES
Although most common in children, this form of diabetes (also known as juvenile onset diabetes) is not easily recognised.
THE DISORDER
Type 1 diabetes is a condition where your pancreas produces very little or no insulin, the hormone needed to process sugar to produce energy.
WHO’S AT RISK
Risk factors include family history, genetics, geographical location, exposure to certain viruses, as well as dietary factors like low Vitamin D levels. This disorder is commonly seen in young children (peak age of onset is 12 or 13 years) and in women.
THE SYMPTOMS
“Onset is more dramatic, and if not diagnosed, this condition can potentially be fatal,” says Dr Sanjay Reddy, medical director and consultant, Bangalore Diabetes Centre. "In a lot of cases, the diagnosis is made when the child presents acute complications." Stay vigilant for symptoms like weight loss, excessive urination, hunger, blurred vision, fatigue, etc.
RULE IT OUT
Diagnosis is primarily done based on patient history and age. Abnormal blood sugar levels show up in a random blood sugar test and a glycated haemoglobin (A1C) test. Specific blood tests to confirm diagnosis include checking for the presence of GAD antibody, islet cell antibody, and insulin auto-antibodies.
HOW TO GET WELL
Life-long treatment with insulin is the only option available currently. Patients are also advised to eat right, exercise, and diligently monitor their blood glucose levels.
THYROIDITIS
This autoimmune disorder is characterised by chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland leading to either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
THE DISORDER
Thyroiditis is a condition wherein the immune cells attack the thyroid gland causing inflammation. This chronic inflammation leads to thyroid cell damage. Depending on the rapidity of the damage, a patient can develop hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
WHO’S AT RISK
Various factors including heredity, gender (women are more susceptible), age (middleaged women), and viral infections playa role. "There is a 50% concurrence in
identical twins indicating that the trigger is 50% genetic and 50% environmental," states Dharmanand.
THE SYMPTOMS
Generalised symptoms may include fever, weight loss, puffiness and joint pain. Typical hypothyroidism symptoms include constipation, weight gain, lethargy and dry skin. Typical hyperthyroidism symptoms include cardiac problems, weight loss, diarrhoea and tremors.
RULE IT OUT
Thyroid function tests and blood tests are normally done.
HOW TO GET WELL
Hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic thyroid hormones. Treatment for hyperthyroidism includes drugs to reduce the effect of excessive thyroid hormones. For example, beta blockers may be prescribed to reduce the impact on the heart. Surgery or radiotherapy to destroy the thyroid gland is also an option.
What are allergies?
Allergies are another form of immune system error which occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance (allergen) such as pollen, dust, food, or any other allergen that it would otherwise typically ignore. The resulting symptoms can range from minor irritation to a potentially life-threateninq emergency.
Common allergens
• Dust, pollen, mould
• Penicllin-based antibiotics
• Insect bites (bees, wasps)
• Eggs, nuts, dairy products, wheat
RULE IT OUT
• Skin test
• Blood tests
HOW TO GET WELL
Avoid the allergen
Take steroids, antihistamines, decongestants to relieve symptoms
Purified allergen shots
Epinephrine shots in emergencies
Wednesday, August 25, 2010
Juvenile diabetes
Juvenile diabetes is one of the most common chronic conditions to affect children all over the world and each day, over 200 children are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Although Diabetes is a metabolic disorder, it can have psychosocial effect, if not handled in the right manner. As a long term condition that affects day-to-day living, diabetes can be particularly stressful on the child and parents. Newly detected Diabetes impacts all aspects of a child's life and its management requires the parents to tackle challenges at multiple levels physical, psychological, social and educational. If not effectively addressed, a spectrum of psychological issues ranging from lack of confidence to severe depression may result. However with proper training, learning about diabetes and making small changes in life style as a family, you can live a fairly normal life.
In this article, we examine the need for counseling and the various counseling options that a parent has to help a child and themselves deal with such issues.
Counseling the diabetic child
A child diagnosed with diabetes is suddenly thrust into the unenviable position of dealing ith a chronic condition. Starting from dietary restrictions to insulin injections, the child has to come to terms with the all-pervasive impact of this condition. As a result, the child ay suffer from stress. Resentment, fear of being mocked at by peers, a fear of being branded as a 'sick' or 'ill' person, and anger at parental control on diet and activities are ome of the feelings that a child may experience. If allowed to build up, such feelings can have a debilitating effect on the child's mental and physiological health.
Parents can do a lot towards helping the child cope with diabetes. In fact, the attitude of parents plays a great role in forming the child's response to the condition. Paying enough attention to the psychological needs of the child can be as important as providing medication. By following these simple do's and don'ts, parents can empower the child as he/she work on responding to the condition.
Do not be over-protective. Many parents confuse precaution with apprehension and cross the fine line between being protective and over-protective. Understand that diabetes need not stop your child from leading a healthy, active life. Do not deter the child from participating in active sports and games in the mistaken belief that your child has to be protected.
2. Do listen and watch out for cues to your child's state of mind. Loss of appetite, sudden loss of interest in studies, reluctance to go to school, a listless attitude are some signs that your child needs help in coping with the condition.
3. Do not refer to the condition as a disease.It only helps to firm up an opinion that diabetes is to be feared and dreaded.
4. Do discuss the condition, its causes, treatment and precautions to be followed. An understanding about the physiological conditions and changes associated with diabetes will alleviate your child's fears about this condition and will equip him/her with the requisite knowledge to tackle it.
5. Do not express worries about the child's future, especially within earshot of the child.
6. Do not treat the child differently from his/ her siblings. This will only make your child more conscious about his/her condition.
7. Do take every opportunity to stress that diabetes is treatable.
8. Do focus on success stories of fellow diabetics from your child's area of interest - for example, successful cricketers, or athletes who are diabetics. Your child will profit from such role models.
9. Letting some one know about the fact that your child is diabetic should occur as naturally as divulging any other personal fact about yourself. If someone were to notice your child taking a shot and wondered what it was or why it was so, that would be a reason to explain! Don't express being diabetic as a negative thing or something that defines a person. Let it come naturally but definitely don't hide it. Be short, precise and positive while telling about it.
10. Be realistic in the goals set of your child.
11. Do set a personal example. Follow a healthy regimen of diet and exercise yourself to make it easy for your child to adhere to his.
12. Be understanding during the instance that your child deviates from the prescribed routine – your child is still a child and there may be occasions when he she feels the need to bypass the routine.
Counseling partners and caretakers
Juvenile diabetes impacts the entire family, not just the affected child. The parents of a diabetic child are also subject to stress, although for different reasons. In the case of parents, possible stressors are a fear of societal ridicule, apprehension about a girl child's marital prospects, worry about the child's longevity and future and sometimes guilt on not being able to protect the child from this condition. Counselling of parents and caretakers can go a long way in helping them tackle the emotional impact of this condition. While child counselling sessions help to assure the child, reinstate confidence and also infuse the belief that diabetes is a manageable condition, parental counseling seeks to allay the parents' fear regarding their child's future.
External sources of counselling
Depending on the extent of the psychological impact, counselling of the child is therefore not just desirable but even required. Although parents may be able to provide suchadvice, external help and counseling can effectively supplement the efforts of parents.
There are various counseling options available.
These are :
Family physician: The family physician is often the first line of support. The family physician will have an intimate knowledge of the child, his/her interests, and temperament. Further, the family physician enjoys the trust of the parents and the child alike. A talk with the family physician may be a timely confidence-booster.
Friends and family: Advice from friends and family, especially fellow-patients can also be very effective. A family member or friend who is successful and happy, despite such a diagnosis can be a very effective role model.
Online and offline support groups: Online support groups for both children and parents alike, provide a global network of support and also resources that the parents and child can tap into. Online support groups overcome the barriers of distance and allow parents to communicate, share and get answers to mutual concerns on bringing up a diabetic child.
Professional counseling: Where the emotional impact is deeper, professional counseling is not just desirable but required. Where thepsychological impact has resulted in mild or severe Depression,advice from a psychiatric professional is mandatory.
Conclusion
Dealing with diabetes is not just about taking medication, it is about dealing with its invisible and intangible effects. Counselling is one of themost potent tools that parents have to successflly manage the psychological consequences of this condition.
For stories on successful role models for children and more tips to young people on self management, coping and living with diabetes please visit www.dawnyouth.com
Tuesday, August 24, 2010
High levels of blood sugar
TAKE CHARGE NOW!
High levels of blood sugar, especially over long periods of time, can result in complications of other body functions. Uncontrolled diabetes can also lead to long term complications such as heart disease, skin problems, digestive problems, erectile dysfunction, kidney, eye complications and teeth and gum problems. This does not mean that the prognosis is dire for people with diabetes - by fallowing a few simple guidelines and taking necessary precautions, these complications can be successfully prevented.
Typical complications and their prevention
The following are some of the most likely complications from an untreated or neglected diabetic condition and tips for their prevention.
Heart disease and stroke:
Diabetes contributes to a thickening of the blood vessels and consequently, problems with blood circulation leading to a higher risk of cardiac problems and stroke.
Prevention:
1. Aggressively control blood sugar.
2. Proactively monitor and control modifiable risk factors for heart disease such as blood pressure and high cholesterol.
3. Quit smoking.
4. Consult your doctor on whether a daily dose of aspirin and statins will help you.
Diabetic nephropathy:
Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive kidney disease caused by damage to renal tissue due to high blood sugar.
Prevention:
Undergo the blood and urine tests recommended by your doctor. Doctors usually ask for Micro albumin urea at the first step to assess if there is damage to the kidneys. Other than this Creatinine blood tests, which assess kidney function and urine tests to check for the presence of protein in the urine are also asked.
Control your blood pressure.
Restrict protein intake if advised by your doctor. Aggressively control blood sugar.
Eye problems:
Diabetic retinopathy (Damage to the retina -the lining of the interior of the eye), cataract and glaucoma (Increased pressure in the eyes) are some of the eye problems that a person with diabetes may develop.
Prevention:
1. Have a comprehensive check of your vision every year.
2. Rigorously control blood sugar and blood pressure.
3. If you are pregnant it is very important to have an eye exam during your first 3 months of pregnancy.
Peripheral neuropathy:
Peripheral neuropathy affects sensations especially in the legs and feet. Since a person
with diabetes has a decreased ability to perceive pain many injuries can go unnoticed. Similarly, because of difficulty in perceiving changes in position, you may have difficulty in bearing weight properly and are at risk for developing calluses and ulcers on your feet.
Prevention :
This is one of the most easily preventable complications of diabetes. Ensure that you diligently check your feet everyday for ulcers cuts or sores.
See your doctor in case of any foot injury or ulcer. Do not try to treat them yourself.
Use footwear that cover your feet - do not walk barefoot or use open toed shoes or slippers.
Aggressively control blood sugar.
Skin problems:
Some of the skin problems that may be associated with diabetes are candidiasis, diabetic
dermopathy or skin spots, digital sclerosis, rashes and blisters, and fungal infections.
Prevention:
Do not ignore spots, rashes or blisters-get them checked by your doctor.
Follow high standards of personal hygiene to prevent fungal infections.
Aggressively control blood sugar.
Other complications:
In addition to the above people with uncontrolled diabetes are also at higher risk for disorders such as gastro paresis, sexual dysfunction and depression.
Summary
While some of the complications associated with diabetes are life-threatening, there is no need for undue alarm. On the other hand, the possibility of such complications is one more reason for timely diagnosis and treatment. To summarize, follow these simple guidelines to lower the risks of developing such complications.
1. Stay committed : Stay committed to your diabetic care regimen. Regularly monitor your blood sugar and take medication as advised by your doctor.
2. Exercise regularly : Regular exercise goes a long way in staying off heart disease and stroke. Start and then adhere to an exercise program of your choice.
3. Maintain your blood pressure and cholesterol within acceptable limits. Ensure that the blood pressure and cholesterol levels are within the range acceptable for your age.
4. Have a comprehensive health and eye checkup every year : Do not skip your annual physical examination. Early detection is the key to the prevention of many of the diabetes - related complications.
5. Check your feet : People with diabetes need to examine their feet everyday for sores, blisters and cuts. If untreated, even a small cut can develop into serious complications.
6. Drink responsibly : If you do drink then keep it to a minimum and never drink alcohol on an empty stomach as this could lead to hypoglycemia.
7. Quit smoking: Smoking increases the risk of various diabetes complications, especially heart disease and stroke.
8. Ensure personal and dental hygiene : People with diabetes are at higher risk for gum and skin infections.
It is vitally important that one is not just aware of the complications of uncontrolled diabetes but also take the first steps towards its management. The risk of diabetes-related complications can be effectively mitigated by following the simple steps outlined above. More importantly have a positive attitude and remember that leading a healthy life is in your hands. Take charge now for a healthier tomorrow.
TAKE CHARGE NOW!
High levels of blood sugar, especially over long periods of time, can result in complications of other body functions. Uncontrolled diabetes can also lead to long term complications such as heart disease, skin problems, digestive problems, erectile dysfunction, kidney, eye complications and teeth and gum problems. This does not mean that the prognosis is dire for people with diabetes - by fallowing a few simple guidelines and taking necessary precautions, these complications can be successfully prevented.
Typical complications and their prevention
The following are some of the most likely complications from an untreated or neglected diabetic condition and tips for their prevention.
Heart disease and stroke:
Diabetes contributes to a thickening of the blood vessels and consequently, problems with blood circulation leading to a higher risk of cardiac problems and stroke.
Prevention:
1. Aggressively control blood sugar.
2. Proactively monitor and control modifiable risk factors for heart disease such as blood pressure and high cholesterol.
3. Quit smoking.
4. Consult your doctor on whether a daily dose of aspirin and statins will help you.
Diabetic nephropathy:
Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive kidney disease caused by damage to renal tissue due to high blood sugar.
Prevention:
Undergo the blood and urine tests recommended by your doctor. Doctors usually ask for Micro albumin urea at the first step to assess if there is damage to the kidneys. Other than this Creatinine blood tests, which assess kidney function and urine tests to check for the presence of protein in the urine are also asked.
Control your blood pressure.
Restrict protein intake if advised by your doctor. Aggressively control blood sugar.
Eye problems:
Diabetic retinopathy (Damage to the retina -the lining of the interior of the eye), cataract and glaucoma (Increased pressure in the eyes) are some of the eye problems that a person with diabetes may develop.
Prevention:
1. Have a comprehensive check of your vision every year.
2. Rigorously control blood sugar and blood pressure.
3. If you are pregnant it is very important to have an eye exam during your first 3 months of pregnancy.
Peripheral neuropathy:
Peripheral neuropathy affects sensations especially in the legs and feet. Since a person
with diabetes has a decreased ability to perceive pain many injuries can go unnoticed. Similarly, because of difficulty in perceiving changes in position, you may have difficulty in bearing weight properly and are at risk for developing calluses and ulcers on your feet.
Prevention :
This is one of the most easily preventable complications of diabetes. Ensure that you diligently check your feet everyday for ulcers cuts or sores.
See your doctor in case of any foot injury or ulcer. Do not try to treat them yourself.
Use footwear that cover your feet - do not walk barefoot or use open toed shoes or slippers.
Aggressively control blood sugar.
Skin problems:
Some of the skin problems that may be associated with diabetes are candidiasis, diabetic
dermopathy or skin spots, digital sclerosis, rashes and blisters, and fungal infections.
Prevention:
Do not ignore spots, rashes or blisters-get them checked by your doctor.
Follow high standards of personal hygiene to prevent fungal infections.
Aggressively control blood sugar.
Other complications:
In addition to the above people with uncontrolled diabetes are also at higher risk for disorders such as gastro paresis, sexual dysfunction and depression.
Summary
While some of the complications associated with diabetes are life-threatening, there is no need for undue alarm. On the other hand, the possibility of such complications is one more reason for timely diagnosis and treatment. To summarize, follow these simple guidelines to lower the risks of developing such complications.
1. Stay committed : Stay committed to your diabetic care regimen. Regularly monitor your blood sugar and take medication as advised by your doctor.
2. Exercise regularly : Regular exercise goes a long way in staying off heart disease and stroke. Start and then adhere to an exercise program of your choice.
3. Maintain your blood pressure and cholesterol within acceptable limits. Ensure that the blood pressure and cholesterol levels are within the range acceptable for your age.
4. Have a comprehensive health and eye checkup every year : Do not skip your annual physical examination. Early detection is the key to the prevention of many of the diabetes - related complications.
5. Check your feet : People with diabetes need to examine their feet everyday for sores, blisters and cuts. If untreated, even a small cut can develop into serious complications.
6. Drink responsibly : If you do drink then keep it to a minimum and never drink alcohol on an empty stomach as this could lead to hypoglycemia.
7. Quit smoking: Smoking increases the risk of various diabetes complications, especially heart disease and stroke.
8. Ensure personal and dental hygiene : People with diabetes are at higher risk for gum and skin infections.
It is vitally important that one is not just aware of the complications of uncontrolled diabetes but also take the first steps towards its management. The risk of diabetes-related complications can be effectively mitigated by following the simple steps outlined above. More importantly have a positive attitude and remember that leading a healthy life is in your hands. Take charge now for a healthier tomorrow.
Sunday, July 18, 2010
The govts in Dark
The Govt of India and Govt of West Bengal are determined to remain in dark. But they can not avert danger and disturbance by closing their eyes, or silencing the friendly voice of warning. The warning voice if silenced, the catastrophe will come.
Thursday, July 15, 2010
The punishment to the children
The Government of India is wasting most of its time on useless matters. The relation between Parents and their children is emotional and deep family attachment. Parents look after the interest of their children and take care of their health, education, well-being and future. If they don't control the children, they will be useless creatures for the country and society. The Govt of India has no business to interfere amongst the parents and their children.The punishment to the children is essential for their betterment.
Friendship, true friendship
Friendship. In a lifetime true friendship happens only once. You have read and heard a lot about love between a man and a woman, but I know of no attachment stronger than that formed between two open-hearted and enthusiastic men in their youth.
Tuesday, July 13, 2010
Good Things, the British Left Behind in India
British deserve to be complimented for integrating all the ethnically diverse but culturally similar principalities in the South Asian sub-continent into one nation. Today we call it, India.
Within ten years of the British takeover in 1857, the country had been pacified and rule of law & justice established. People’s confidence in the new master soared. T.B. Macauly"s education system began to pay dividends. Lower rank administrative jobs were filled with English educated Hindus and they became the backbone of the Raj. Early freedom fighter like Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Gopal Krishan Gokhale made resurgent Hindu power as the basis of their self-rule demand.
With the return of most foreign soldiers from India, Very cleverly the British selected politically reliable communities. They designated them the “Martial Classes”. The newly organized army safeguarded the Indian border and also provided the internal security. This highly trained army became the backbone of future India. Today, British have been gone for sixty years but the Indian Army still follows the British organization, training and fighting methods.
By early 1890s, the civil and military organization was as follows. The British “Sahib” sat at the top, but allowed Hindu clerk to run things for him. Judicial system was exclusively British and very fair. Young men of aristocratic background were educated in England in the intricacies of the English judicial system. Back home they provided the necessary legal basis for the justice system
In one hundred years of the British Crown rule over India until 1947, they introduced the British legal and justice system, organized a formidable civil service, provided modern military training and organization to a largely medieval army, re-organized the antiquated tax system which had continued since Emperor Akbar (circa 1600), set-up an export and import system largely for their own benefit but never the less as a basis for future trade, built one of the world’s greatest water irrigation system in Pakistani Punjab, created a rail and road network to facilitate transportation but also to feed the growing import/export trade, extended the T B Macaulay’s education system to include universities and colleges of higher learning and introduced the western dress code which has become universal in India.
British also failed miserably in few areas like food grain output, which resulted in huge famines, killed the industry and commerce for their own benefit, failed to include social welfare in their agenda, took anything of value out of India and left India on tender hooks when they finally vacated the seat of power.
India"s eternal thanks will always be due for all the good things the British left behind. On the contrary the economic devastation they perpetuated over an otherwise prosperous nation cannot be forgotten.
Within ten years of the British takeover in 1857, the country had been pacified and rule of law & justice established. People’s confidence in the new master soared. T.B. Macauly"s education system began to pay dividends. Lower rank administrative jobs were filled with English educated Hindus and they became the backbone of the Raj. Early freedom fighter like Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Gopal Krishan Gokhale made resurgent Hindu power as the basis of their self-rule demand.
With the return of most foreign soldiers from India, Very cleverly the British selected politically reliable communities. They designated them the “Martial Classes”. The newly organized army safeguarded the Indian border and also provided the internal security. This highly trained army became the backbone of future India. Today, British have been gone for sixty years but the Indian Army still follows the British organization, training and fighting methods.
By early 1890s, the civil and military organization was as follows. The British “Sahib” sat at the top, but allowed Hindu clerk to run things for him. Judicial system was exclusively British and very fair. Young men of aristocratic background were educated in England in the intricacies of the English judicial system. Back home they provided the necessary legal basis for the justice system
In one hundred years of the British Crown rule over India until 1947, they introduced the British legal and justice system, organized a formidable civil service, provided modern military training and organization to a largely medieval army, re-organized the antiquated tax system which had continued since Emperor Akbar (circa 1600), set-up an export and import system largely for their own benefit but never the less as a basis for future trade, built one of the world’s greatest water irrigation system in Pakistani Punjab, created a rail and road network to facilitate transportation but also to feed the growing import/export trade, extended the T B Macaulay’s education system to include universities and colleges of higher learning and introduced the western dress code which has become universal in India.
British also failed miserably in few areas like food grain output, which resulted in huge famines, killed the industry and commerce for their own benefit, failed to include social welfare in their agenda, took anything of value out of India and left India on tender hooks when they finally vacated the seat of power.
India"s eternal thanks will always be due for all the good things the British left behind. On the contrary the economic devastation they perpetuated over an otherwise prosperous nation cannot be forgotten.
Wednesday, June 23, 2010
Myths and Legends of Tea
There are many interesting myths and legends associated with tea. There are stories about tea being plucked from elephant back and tea being plucked by monkies. When one sees rather short-in-height tea bushes planted in a very orderly fashion, it is hard to understand as to why tea had to be plucked while atop an elephant. The truth is that if left to itself, the tea bush can grow into a tall tea tree. The Tea Research Station at Tocklai, near jorhat, has some very old and very tall tea trees. A visit to the institute can be very interesting affair. Tea plucked by Monkies? Believe it or not.
Sunday, June 20, 2010
Why Suicide
When we were young, we were not worried. Now I find every boy is in hurry and in tension, in depression. I am unable to see any reason for Suicide, except mental pressure, the competition, and fastlife and easy availabilty of suicide material and circumstances. I am researching and I will make efforts to change the situations, which compell our young generation to go for suicide. If you have any suggestions, send me.
Wednesday, June 09, 2010
Strong roots eventually yield great success.
The naked eye suggested that the tree wasn't growing, in truth, it definitely was. But the expansion was below ground rather than above ground.
While the other trees were reaching for the sky, this special tree was quietly working on its foundation, ensuring its roots were strong and its base was secure. And once done, it outperformed every tree around it.
Business and life has taught me so many lessons. And so has nature. And one of the best is that leadership takes time. You might think that other people and other organizations are so far ahead of you that you'll never catch up. But please be patient. Tend to your roots. Do exceptionally great work. Build deep relationships. Invent and innovate daily. And Lead Without a Title.
Nature is always fair. And eventually, you will win.
While the other trees were reaching for the sky, this special tree was quietly working on its foundation, ensuring its roots were strong and its base was secure. And once done, it outperformed every tree around it.
Business and life has taught me so many lessons. And so has nature. And one of the best is that leadership takes time. You might think that other people and other organizations are so far ahead of you that you'll never catch up. But please be patient. Tend to your roots. Do exceptionally great work. Build deep relationships. Invent and innovate daily. And Lead Without a Title.
Nature is always fair. And eventually, you will win.
Tuesday, June 08, 2010
Corruption in India
Corruption in India
It is a fact that the problem of corruption in India has assumed enormous and embarrassing proportions in recent years, although it has been with us for decades. If all the scams of the last five years are added up, they are likely to rival and exceed the British colonial loot of India of about a trillion dollars.
Ms Mayawati who is Chief Minister of the most densely inhabited state, is calmed when an intelligence agency probe is scrapped. The multi-million dollars fodder scam by another former chief minister wielding enormous power is put in cold storage. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh chairs over this kind of unparalleled loot.
Investigations into the shadowy financial deals of the Indian cricket league have revealed a web of transactions across tax havens like Switzerland, the Virgin Islands, Mauritius and Cyprus.The name of one Hassan Ali of Pune is mentioned as operating with his wife a one-billion-dollar illegal Swiss account with the sanction of the Indian regime. The former chief minister of Jharkhand, Madhu Koda, who was reported to have funds in various tax havens that were partly used to buy mines in Liberia.
If the Indian Prime Minister knows nothing about these scandals, he is ignorant of ground realities and does not deserve to be Prime Minister. If he does, is he a collaborator in crime?
The day will come when the have-nots will hit the streets. In a way, it seems to have already started with the monstrous acts of the Maoists. The drumbeats for these rebellions are going to get louder and louder as our leaders refuse to listen to the voices of the people. Eventually, it will lead to a revolution that will spill to streets across the whole of India.
It is a fact that the problem of corruption in India has assumed enormous and embarrassing proportions in recent years, although it has been with us for decades. If all the scams of the last five years are added up, they are likely to rival and exceed the British colonial loot of India of about a trillion dollars.
Ms Mayawati who is Chief Minister of the most densely inhabited state, is calmed when an intelligence agency probe is scrapped. The multi-million dollars fodder scam by another former chief minister wielding enormous power is put in cold storage. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh chairs over this kind of unparalleled loot.
Investigations into the shadowy financial deals of the Indian cricket league have revealed a web of transactions across tax havens like Switzerland, the Virgin Islands, Mauritius and Cyprus.The name of one Hassan Ali of Pune is mentioned as operating with his wife a one-billion-dollar illegal Swiss account with the sanction of the Indian regime. The former chief minister of Jharkhand, Madhu Koda, who was reported to have funds in various tax havens that were partly used to buy mines in Liberia.
If the Indian Prime Minister knows nothing about these scandals, he is ignorant of ground realities and does not deserve to be Prime Minister. If he does, is he a collaborator in crime?
The day will come when the have-nots will hit the streets. In a way, it seems to have already started with the monstrous acts of the Maoists. The drumbeats for these rebellions are going to get louder and louder as our leaders refuse to listen to the voices of the people. Eventually, it will lead to a revolution that will spill to streets across the whole of India.
Subsidy to rich on Petrol
I wish Mamta Banerjee all the best. But still writers Building is one year away and need hardwork to achieve target. It is sad, that she don't understand economics, otherwise why she is opposing price rise of Petrol, which is used by rich people. If Govt of India is paying subsidy on Petrol. This subsidy is going to rich people, the money of poor and rural people going into the pockets of rich people.
Monday, June 07, 2010
Land Reforms in West Bengal and Left Front
I would like to tell you about Land Reforms by Muslims and British. Land reforms means right to property, cultivation and perpetual ownership, so the Land owner is encouraged to develop the land and get more production and output from Land.But what Left front did was to take away land from Landowners and gave right to agri- labour, called ADHEDAR in Bengal. They were cultivating on developed land of Agriculturists (LAND OWNERS) not as agri-Labour, but on contact basis i.e. a short of partnership with landowners. Now Landowners lost interest (or made to lose interest ) in land, the poor agri-labour has no money to finance Agriculture. Previously Land owners used to finance for land development, seeds, fertilisers and pesticides. Now agri-labour can't find funds for this finance, which is the back bone of agriculture. He fell into the hands of moneylenders, who charged interest from 3 to 5% per month. Nationalised banks were not financing these poor agri-labours.
So with Land reforms of Left, poor agri-labours suffered, most of time in the hands of moneylenders, crop failure, shortage of agri imputs. Our agriculture production also suffered, we have no food security now, per capita availability of food grains came down, resulting in price rise for both urban and rural populations.
Thanks to Left front for their good work for the people of West Bengal.
So with Land reforms of Left, poor agri-labours suffered, most of time in the hands of moneylenders, crop failure, shortage of agri imputs. Our agriculture production also suffered, we have no food security now, per capita availability of food grains came down, resulting in price rise for both urban and rural populations.
Thanks to Left front for their good work for the people of West Bengal.
Saturday, June 05, 2010
Verdict against Left
West Bengal Municipality Poll results are a verdict on CPI (M) Party - its modes of functioning and its attitude to power and governance. The Left Parties and the Trinamul Congress ran their campaigns on the assumption that this election was a dress rehearsal for the bigger battle to control Writer's Building in 2011.
The people of West Bengal rejected Left first in Panchayat, then in Loksabha, and now in Municipal bodies. It is a total verdict against Left.
The people of West Bengal rejected Left first in Panchayat, then in Loksabha, and now in Municipal bodies. It is a total verdict against Left.
Saturday, May 29, 2010
Don't use bottled water.
Don't use bottled water.
It will save environment and save money also. But due to excessive use of Pesticides & chemicals in India, water in India is so much polluted that we are not convinced that drinking water is good for drinking. Moreover present bottled water available in India is only distilled polluted water of India, having chemicals, bad for health. The immune system of Indian population is so weak, that we fall sick, because of many reasons and we held water responsible for our all ills and problems. I suggest that to improve our immune system, we should follow Baba Ramdev's Yoga.
It will save environment and save money also. But due to excessive use of Pesticides & chemicals in India, water in India is so much polluted that we are not convinced that drinking water is good for drinking. Moreover present bottled water available in India is only distilled polluted water of India, having chemicals, bad for health. The immune system of Indian population is so weak, that we fall sick, because of many reasons and we held water responsible for our all ills and problems. I suggest that to improve our immune system, we should follow Baba Ramdev's Yoga.
Friday, May 28, 2010
Heart and Diabetes
Heart and Diabetes
A person with diabetes is more likely to develop heart problems condition than others and tends to develop it at an earlier age than others. Studies suggest that the chances of middle-aged people with Type 2 diabetes getting a heart attack is as high as someone who has already had an heart attack. Women who have not gone through menopause usually have less risk of heart disease than men of the same age. But women of all ages with diabetes are at an increased risk of heart disease.
Why are people with diabetes at risk of heart disease?
Uncontrolled diabetes can cause damage to many parts of the body, including blood vessels resulting in coronary artery disease. This damage makes it easier for fatty deposits to form in arteries and cause narrowing or blockages that can lead to heart attacks or strokes. Along with diabetes, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, lack of exercise and obesity also lead to atherosclerosis (narrowing of arteries).
Those with diabetes are likely to suffer from what is called "silent ischemia" or silent heart attack, which accounts for 25-30 percent of heart attacks. It is Termed "silent" as the patient gets a heart attack with no chest pain. People with diabetes usually don't feel chest pain because of nerve damage caused by poorly controlled diabetes.. The symptoms of silent ischemia are generally ignored or passed off as indigestion or stomach upset, vague dizziness or weakness.
What can one do to prevent or delay heart disease and stroke?
Even if a person with diabetes is at high risk for heart disease and stroke, he/she can help keep his/her heart and blood vessels healthy. A person with with diabetes can do so by taking the following steps to prevent heart diseases.
1. Keep blood sugar level under control. Balanced diet, regular exercise, right medicine and monitoring are essential to keep blood sugar levels under control.
2. Make sure that your diet is balanced. A dietician can help you get it right. Food with high fiber may help lower blood cholesterol. Whole-grain breads and cereals, dried beans and peas, fruits and vegetables are rich sources of fiber. Also cut down on saturated fat because it raises blood cholesterol level. Saturated fat is found in meats, poultry skin, butter, dairy products with fat, such as palm and coconut oil. Keep the cholesterol in your diet to less than 300 milligrams a day. Cholesterol is found in meat, dairy products and eggs. You need to keep the amount of transfat, a type of fat in food that raises blood cholesterol in diet to a minimum. Limit your intake of samosas, vadas, namkeens and chats.
3. Make physical activities part of your routine. Being physically active can be good for everyone's health. Like eating a healthy diet, exercise will also help keep blood sugar level normal and can lower risk of heart disease. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week. Think of ways to increase physical activity, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator, playing with your child and walking into nearby grocery shop instead of taking a vehicle. If a person with diabetes hasn't been physically active recently, it is necessary to visit a doctor for a check-up before starting an exercise program.
4. Reach and maintain a healthy body weight. Consult a dietitian for help in planning meals and lowering the fat and calorie content of your diet to reach and maintain a healthy weight. Aim for a loss of not more than 0.5 to 0.9 kilograms a week.
5. Quit Smoking. Smoking is bad for everyone but it's even worse for people with diabetes because it damages the blood vessels. If a person has diabetes and is also a smoker, the risk of getting heart disease is doubled.
6. Ask your doctor whether you should take aspirin. Studies have shown that taking a low dose of aspirin every day can help reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. However, aspirin is not safe for everyone. Your doctor can tell you whether taking aspirin is right for you and exactly how much to take.
You can keep track of the ABCs of diabetes to make sure your treatment is working. A stands for HbA1C (A1C is a test that measures blood glucose control over last 3 months), B for blood pressure and C for cholesterol. Talk with your health care provider about the best targets for you.
Have an HbA1C test at least twice a Year. It shows your' average blood" glucose level over the past 3 months. Insulin is recommended if HbA1C is more than 9.5% at the time of diagnosis or more than 7.5% even after taking Oral Drugs.
Control of the ABCs of diabetes can reduce your risk for heart disease and stroke. If your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels aren't on target, ask your doctor what changes in diet, activity, and medications can help you reach these goals. By taking these simple steps, every person including people with diabetes can enjoy a healthy and long life.
Q. Can diabetes be cured ?
Diabetes cannot be cured, but can definitely be controlled. People with diabetes can lead a healthy life if their diabetes is well controlled (i.e. when their blood sugar levels are 90-130 mg/dl at fasting and less than 180 mg/dl 2hrs after meals) and other parameters like lipid profile, blood pressure and weight are in prescribed limits.
Q. Can I include fruits in my meal?
All people with diabetes should have at least 2 servings of fruit per day. One serving of fruit should contain 15 grams of carbohydrates. The size of the serving depends on the carbohydrate content of the fruit. The advantage of eating a low-carbohydrate fruit is that you can consume a larger portion. But whether you eat a low-carb or high-carb fruit, as long as the serving size contains 15 grams of carbohydrates, the effect on your blood sugar is the same.
The following fruit servings contain about 15 grams of carbohydrates: 1 Small Apple = 1/2 medium banana =1 1/2 slice mango = 1 1/4 cup watermelon = 1 Guava =15 Grapes = 1 Oranqee = l Peach = 1/2 pomegranate =1 kiwi = 3 Dates = 1/2 chikoo = 2-3 slice of papaya = 3 Plums = 1 1/2 slice pineapple.
So, a person with diabetes can eat any fruit, but the quantity should be measured.
A person with diabetes is more likely to develop heart problems condition than others and tends to develop it at an earlier age than others. Studies suggest that the chances of middle-aged people with Type 2 diabetes getting a heart attack is as high as someone who has already had an heart attack. Women who have not gone through menopause usually have less risk of heart disease than men of the same age. But women of all ages with diabetes are at an increased risk of heart disease.
Why are people with diabetes at risk of heart disease?
Uncontrolled diabetes can cause damage to many parts of the body, including blood vessels resulting in coronary artery disease. This damage makes it easier for fatty deposits to form in arteries and cause narrowing or blockages that can lead to heart attacks or strokes. Along with diabetes, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, lack of exercise and obesity also lead to atherosclerosis (narrowing of arteries).
Those with diabetes are likely to suffer from what is called "silent ischemia" or silent heart attack, which accounts for 25-30 percent of heart attacks. It is Termed "silent" as the patient gets a heart attack with no chest pain. People with diabetes usually don't feel chest pain because of nerve damage caused by poorly controlled diabetes.. The symptoms of silent ischemia are generally ignored or passed off as indigestion or stomach upset, vague dizziness or weakness.
What can one do to prevent or delay heart disease and stroke?
Even if a person with diabetes is at high risk for heart disease and stroke, he/she can help keep his/her heart and blood vessels healthy. A person with with diabetes can do so by taking the following steps to prevent heart diseases.
1. Keep blood sugar level under control. Balanced diet, regular exercise, right medicine and monitoring are essential to keep blood sugar levels under control.
2. Make sure that your diet is balanced. A dietician can help you get it right. Food with high fiber may help lower blood cholesterol. Whole-grain breads and cereals, dried beans and peas, fruits and vegetables are rich sources of fiber. Also cut down on saturated fat because it raises blood cholesterol level. Saturated fat is found in meats, poultry skin, butter, dairy products with fat, such as palm and coconut oil. Keep the cholesterol in your diet to less than 300 milligrams a day. Cholesterol is found in meat, dairy products and eggs. You need to keep the amount of transfat, a type of fat in food that raises blood cholesterol in diet to a minimum. Limit your intake of samosas, vadas, namkeens and chats.
3. Make physical activities part of your routine. Being physically active can be good for everyone's health. Like eating a healthy diet, exercise will also help keep blood sugar level normal and can lower risk of heart disease. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week. Think of ways to increase physical activity, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator, playing with your child and walking into nearby grocery shop instead of taking a vehicle. If a person with diabetes hasn't been physically active recently, it is necessary to visit a doctor for a check-up before starting an exercise program.
4. Reach and maintain a healthy body weight. Consult a dietitian for help in planning meals and lowering the fat and calorie content of your diet to reach and maintain a healthy weight. Aim for a loss of not more than 0.5 to 0.9 kilograms a week.
5. Quit Smoking. Smoking is bad for everyone but it's even worse for people with diabetes because it damages the blood vessels. If a person has diabetes and is also a smoker, the risk of getting heart disease is doubled.
6. Ask your doctor whether you should take aspirin. Studies have shown that taking a low dose of aspirin every day can help reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. However, aspirin is not safe for everyone. Your doctor can tell you whether taking aspirin is right for you and exactly how much to take.
You can keep track of the ABCs of diabetes to make sure your treatment is working. A stands for HbA1C (A1C is a test that measures blood glucose control over last 3 months), B for blood pressure and C for cholesterol. Talk with your health care provider about the best targets for you.
Have an HbA1C test at least twice a Year. It shows your' average blood" glucose level over the past 3 months. Insulin is recommended if HbA1C is more than 9.5% at the time of diagnosis or more than 7.5% even after taking Oral Drugs.
Control of the ABCs of diabetes can reduce your risk for heart disease and stroke. If your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels aren't on target, ask your doctor what changes in diet, activity, and medications can help you reach these goals. By taking these simple steps, every person including people with diabetes can enjoy a healthy and long life.
Q. Can diabetes be cured ?
Diabetes cannot be cured, but can definitely be controlled. People with diabetes can lead a healthy life if their diabetes is well controlled (i.e. when their blood sugar levels are 90-130 mg/dl at fasting and less than 180 mg/dl 2hrs after meals) and other parameters like lipid profile, blood pressure and weight are in prescribed limits.
Q. Can I include fruits in my meal?
All people with diabetes should have at least 2 servings of fruit per day. One serving of fruit should contain 15 grams of carbohydrates. The size of the serving depends on the carbohydrate content of the fruit. The advantage of eating a low-carbohydrate fruit is that you can consume a larger portion. But whether you eat a low-carb or high-carb fruit, as long as the serving size contains 15 grams of carbohydrates, the effect on your blood sugar is the same.
The following fruit servings contain about 15 grams of carbohydrates: 1 Small Apple = 1/2 medium banana =1 1/2 slice mango = 1 1/4 cup watermelon = 1 Guava =15 Grapes = 1 Oranqee = l Peach = 1/2 pomegranate =1 kiwi = 3 Dates = 1/2 chikoo = 2-3 slice of papaya = 3 Plums = 1 1/2 slice pineapple.
So, a person with diabetes can eat any fruit, but the quantity should be measured.
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